Which is the first step in ethical decision making?

• A. Identify whether the issue is indeed an ethical dilemma
• B. State the ethical dilemma including all surrounding issues and individuals involved
• C. List and analyze all possible options for resolving the dilemma and review implications of each option
• D. Select option that is in concert with the ethical principle applicable to this situation, the decision maker's values and beliefs, and the profession's values set forth for client care; justify why chosen over other options

Answer: (A)

Recognizing whether a situation truly involves an ethical issue is the starting point. Before you analyze options or decide on a course of action, you need to determine if the scenario rests on ethical principles and professional obligations, or if it’s a policy, legal, or practical matter. If you jump ahead without confirming it’s an ethical dilemma, you might apply the wrong framework or miss key moral tensions. Once you establish that it is an ethical dilemma, you can clearly articulate the dilemma with who’s involved and the context, then move on to generate and evaluate options, and finally choose the course of action that aligns with ethical principles, your values, and the profession’s standards—with justification. The other steps come after you’ve confirmed an ethical issue exists.