What are the three phases Lewin identified in the change process?

• A. Unfreezing, movement, and refreezing.
• B. Planning, implementing, evaluating.
• C. Initiation, growth, stabilization.
• D. Activation, transition, consolidation.

Answer: (A)

Lewin's model frames change as a process of preparing for change, making the change, and making it stick. The first phase, unfreezing, is about building motivation to change and breaking away from current habits or norms. The second phase, movement (often called changing), is the actual transition—planning and implementing new processes, behaviors, or structures with support and training. The final phase, refreezing, solidifies the new state by embedding it into policies, routines, and culture so it remains the norm. This sequence—unfreezing, movement, refreezing—emphasizes readiness, action, and stabilization, which is why it’s the best answer.