End-of-life planning includes which of the following?

• A. Care plans
• B. Advance directives
• C. Organ donation
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

End-of-life planning centers on ensuring care aligns with a person’s goals and values when they may not be able to communicate. A care plan outlines the chosen approach to treatment, symptom management, and where care will occur, guiding decisions and interventions. Advance directives capture patient preferences on life-sustaining treatments and designate a decision maker, so those wishes guide care even if the patient cannot speak for themselves. Organ donation should be discussed as part of planning if the patient wishes to contribute, and it requires timely conversations and documentation. Taken together, these elements form a comprehensive approach to end-of-life planning.